The field of medicine concerned with the eye, its functioning, structure, and disorders is known as ophthalmology. A specialist doctor or surgeon in this field is called an ophthalmologist. Pediatric ophthalmology is a subset of ophthalmology. It studies the diseases related to eye, visual development and vision care in children. Ocular diseases in children include conjunctivitis, strabismus, amblyopia, pediatric cataracts, pediatric glaucoma, and blocked tear ducts, among others. The inflammation of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye along with the inner surface of the eyelid is known as conjunctivitis. Acute conjunctivitis mostly occurs in the elderly, infants and school-age children. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of ophthalmology and how such concepts have practical applications. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. Doctors, researchers and students actively engaged in this field will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.