This book presents recent findings on the role of oxidative stress in chronic diseases. Understanding the mechanisms by which oxidative stress act on chronic diseases enables readers to comprehend the rationale which underlies intervention in such conditions. This book gives readers a broad view in relation to an important issue related to oxidative stress, that is, genetic polymorphism. It covers the role of oxidative stress in transmissible diseases as well as non-transmissible chronic diseases. It discusses three types of non-transmissible chronic diseases: oxidative stress in metabolic diseases, in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, and in cancer and cachexia. Each chapter covers a different disorder and the efficacy of interventional procedures.