This final-year project explores the impact of water resources on economic development, focusing on Tunisia. By establishing theoretical foundations and analyzing practical data, the study highlights the crucial importance of responsible water management in ensuring sustainable economic growth. The results show significant correlations between water use and economic growth, underlining the need for targeted policies to promote efficiency in agriculture and domestic and industrial water management. Despite its contributions, the study has limitations, including limited data and a restricted geographical scope. Future research could explore in depth the mechanisms underlying these relationships and extend the analysis to other contexts for a more holistic understanding.